Nai paidia moy, MPOREI na GINEI

Grammeno apo ton Jonathan Katz, 11/95. Dior8wseis/Ana8ewrhseis: 10 Aprilioy 1996. Mikres ana8ewrhseis: 25 Ioynioy 1996. ”Oloklhrwsh”: 26 Oktwbrioy 1996, ola apo ton Jonathan Katz, jkatz@in.net

Contents

1 Eisagwgh 1

2 As jekinhsoyme! 1

3 Nai, exw eleu8ero xwro sto disko moy kai 8elw na ton dia8esw sto Linux! 2

4 Kai Meta; 2

5 Xrhsimopoiwntas to kainourgio sas susthma! 3

5.1 BOH8EIA, kollhsa me to FAT32! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

5.1.1 Exw ayto ton olokainourgio ypologisth poy ton agorasa apo to tade magazi ths Stoyrnarh 4

5.1.2 Ta ekana mouskema! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

5.1.3 loadlin (linload), ti’nai pali ayto? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

6 Problhmata; 4

1 Eisagwgh

Polloi agorasan prosfata ypologistes, oi opoioi, dystyxws, eftasan sta xeria toys me ta Windows 95 proegkatesthmena. Afou ejereunhsan to Internet, polloi xrhstes anakalycan to Linux kai 8elhsan na xrhsimopoihsoyn ena kalutero leitoyrgiko susthma se polu kaluterh timh. Yparxoyn polla kai diaforetika 8emata poy prepei na antimetwpisoyn se mia tetoia periptwsh, ka8ws oi kainourgioi ypologistes erxontai synh8ws me megaloys EIDE diskoys kai ta Win95 xrhsimopoioun to palio FAT susthma arxeiwn. To Linux katanoei ayta ta zhthmata kai mporei na antimetwpisei aytes tis dyskolies toso sto mhxaniko ejoplismo oso kai sto logismiko.

2 As jekinhsoyme!

To Linux and ta Win95 mporoun na symbiwsoyn me ikanopoihtiko tropo ston idio sklhro disko. Mporeite epishs na egkatasthsete to Linux se ena jexwristo sklhro disko ston idio ypologisth. An dia8etete xrhmata gia ena deutero disko, einai to kalutero poy mporeite na kanete. An kai einai asfales kai ajiopisto na trexete to Linux kai ta Win95 ston idio sklhro disko, einai asfalestero na exete ena deutero sklhro disko. Alla, ka8ws eimai, opws kai oi perissoteroi gnwstoi moy, enas ftwxos foithths eimai anagkasmenos na xrhsimopoiw ena megalo disko.

As paroyme ws dedomeno oti o sklhros sas diskos moiazei me ayto:

     C:
     +-----------------------------------
     |Peripoy 800M, megaluteros isws
     +-----------------------------------

kai as ypo8esoyme, oso ki an ayth h ypo8esh moiazei me eirwneia, oti ta Win95, to MS-Office, to Qmodem Pro, kai opoia programmata DOS/Windows exete den katalambanoyn panw apo 400M syn to arxeio antimeta8eshs (swap file). Fantazomai oti de 8elete na xasete ola ta programmata poy sas phre toso xrono na egkatasthsete, ara de 8elete na sbhsete ayto to kommati toy diskoy kai na janarxisete apo thn arxh.

3 Nai, exw eleu8ero xwro sto disko moy kai 8elw na ton dia8esw sto Linux!

Mh xanete tis elpides sas. Yparxei ena programma poy legetai FIPS, to opoio mporei na anakatatmhsei to disko sas xwris na katastrecete ta dedomena poy hdh yparxoyn se ayton. Bebaiw8eite omws, PRIN to xrhsimopoihsete, oti exete apokermatisei to sklhro disko, xrhsimopoiwntas th beltisth me8odo apokermatismou (defrag) poy prosferoyn ta Win95. Xrhsimopoihste to programma apokermatismou poy einai enswmatwmeno sta Win95 kai malista sto grafiko periballon, alliws 8a xasete ta megala onomata arxeiwn. Afou exei apokermatistei, trejte to FIPS kai kante to disko na moiazei me kati san to parakatw

     C: 450
     +------------------------------------
     | Ayth einai h FAT/VFAT/Win95 katatmhsh
     +------------------------------------

     ;;;
     +------------------------------------------------------------------
     | Aytos einai o kenos xwros poy arxizei prin ton 1024o kulindro toy
     | diskoy.
     +-------------------------------------------------------------------

Mporeite na breite to FIPS stoys megaloys FTP katalogoys, sunsite.unc.edu, tsx-11.mit.edu, ftp.redhat.com, synh8ws ston katalogo /pub/utils/msdos. An exete ena CD me to Linux, yparxei synh8ws enas \utils\msdos h \utils katalogos poy perilambanei kai to FIPS.

Einai POLY SHMANTIKO na arxizei h katatmhsh toy Linux prin (katw apo) ton 1024o kulindro. Se anti8eth periptwsh de 8a mporesete na jekinhsete to Linux (pragma poy sigoyra de 8elete).

Ti akribws einai o 1024os kulindros; Einai to shmeio opoy to IDE teleiwnei kai to EIDE arxizei, dhladh to shmeio opoy jepernwntai ta 528M sto disko sas. Arxiste thn katatmhsh toy Linux sta 520M peripoy. Etsi, olos o pyrhnas toy leitoyrgikou kai ta arxeia poy einai aparaithta gia to jekinhma toy ypologisth 8a briskontai ejoloklhroy katw apo ayton ton kulindro.

4 Kai Meta;

Egkatasthste to Linux ston kainourgio eleu8ero xwro poy molis dhmioyrghsate. An eiste paranoikoi, thn prwth fora poy 8a jekinhsei o ypologisths, dialejte na synexisete me ta Win95 gia na bebaiw8eite oti ola leitoyrgoun kanonika. Se ka8e periptwsh pantws, akoloy8hste OPWSDHPOTE th symboylh poy sas dinetai sto telos ths enothtas 3. Se anti8eth periptwsh, de 8a mporesete na jekinhsete to Linux.

Otan ftasei h stigmh na moirasete to xwro poy analogei sto Linux, mporeite, opws kanoyn oi perissoteroi xrhstes, na ftiajete mia katatmhsh gia to Linux, kai ta programmata toy, ths tajhs twn 400M (arketa gia arxh), kai na afierwsete 30M sthn katatmhsh antimeta8eshs (swap partition), poy einai parapanw apo arketa.

Meta apo ayta, mporeite na egkatasthsete opoiadhpote dianomh toy Linux exete xwris kanena problhma.

5 Xrhsimopoiwntas to kainourgio sas susthma!

To Linux mporei na dei, na diabasei kai na gracei sthn katatmhsh VFAT twn Win95 me diaforoys tropoys. Mporeite na xrhsimopoihsete thn yposthrijh toy MS-DOS poy perilambanetai se oloys toys pyrhnes poy einai megaluteroi toy 1.0. Omws, xrhsimopoiwntas entoles opws

     litterbox~#: mount -t msdos /dev/hda1 /mnt

8a exete onomata arxeiwn sumfwna me to protypo twn 8+3 xarakthrwn. Aparadekto! Afou ta Win95 to yposthrizoyn, 8a prepei na diathrhsete thn eykolia twn megalwn onomatwn sta arxeia.

Kapoioi xrhstes toy Linux akomh trexoyn pyrhnes poy einai arxaioi gia ta protypa toy Linux. Me alla logia, tis ekdoseis 1.2.xx toy pyrhna. Exei graftei ena programma gia aytes tis ekdoseis wste o xrhsths na mporei na diabasei arxeia poy de symbadizoyn me to palio protypo twn 8.3. Kante FTP sto ftp://mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/ <ftp://mm-ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/ pub/multimedia/linux/xmsdos/> kai diabaste to README arxeio prin na kanete otidhpote allo.

Telos, oi newteroi pyrhnes (1.3.4x kai meta) yposthrizoyn eggenws to VFAT. Aytoi oi pyrhnes epitrepoyn thn asfalh anagnwsh kai dhmioyrgia arxeiwn sth katatmhsh VFAT.

MIA PROEIDOPOIHSH

An trexete kapoia newterh ekdosh twn Win95, dhladh, mia ekdosh poy erxetai me ypologistes poy ftiaxthkan meta ton Iounio toy 1996, prosejte ta parakatw:

Elegjte poia ekdosh twn Win95 trexete sthn pragmatikothta. Gia na to kanete ayto, anoijte ena para8yro DOS kai plhktrologhste: ”ver /r”. Na ena paradeigma:

     <PRE>C:\> ver /r
     Mircosoft Windows 95 [4.00.1034]
     (C) 1981-1996 Microsoft Corporation.

Prosejte ton teleytaio ari8mo. An o ari8mos einai MEGALYTEROS toy 950, pi8anws trexete mia ekdosh toy FAT poy einai gnwsth ws FAT32. An ayth einai h periptwsh sas, mporeite kai pali na xrhsimopoihsete to Linux kai ta Win95, alla DEN yparxei h yposthrijh gia na diabazete kai na grafete se mia katatmhsh FAT32. Den yparxei lush epi toy parontos.

De shmainei oti epeidh trexete mia newterh ekdosh twn Win95, trexete kat’ anagkh FAT32. Trejte to fdisk kai xrhsimopoihste thn epilogh display partition information (plhrofories gia tis katatmhseis) gia na deite ean ontws xrhsimopoieite FAT32.

5.1 BOH8EIA, kollhsa me to FAT32!

5.1.1 Exw ayto ton olokainourgio ypologisth poy ton agorasa apo to tade magazi ths Stoyrnarh

An egka8istate to Linux se ena disko me FAT32, akoloy8hste ta bhmata gia thn egkatastash toy Linux se ena Win95 susthma, opws perigrafontai pio panw, alla MHN egkatasthsete to LILO. Anti8eta, phgainete sthn enothta 5.1.3 poy exei ton titlo ”loadlin (linload), ti’nai pali ayto;” kai diabaste tis odhgies bhma-bhma wste na jeperasete ayth thn atyxh katastash.

5.1.2 Ta ekana mouskema!

Moy synebh ki emena. Etrexa mia beta ekdosh twn Win95 me to FAT32, anaba8misa ta Win95, kai to susthma moy ta tinaje. Den eixa disketa ekkinhshs gia thn ekdosh twn Win95 sthn opoia molis eixa anaba8misei ton ypologisth. H lush akoloy8ei.

Breste opoiadhpote disketa ekkinhshs arkei na ftiaxthke se DOS ekdosh 5.0 h megaluterh. Sto Linux shkwste (mount) to CD twn Beta Win95 . Shkwste kai th disketa.

     litterbox~# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /cdrom
     litterbox~# mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt

Sto CD breste ton katalogo gia tis beta ekdoseis. Oi an8rwpoi ths MS ton metakinoun apo ’dw ki apo ’kei... Dokimaste sta /cdrom/admin/beta/floppy, /cdrom/betaonly/floppy. Antigracte ta arxeia io.sys, msdos.sys, kai command.com sth disketa. Sygxroniste (sync) and katebaste (umount) to CD kai th disketa. Epanekkinhste ton ypologisth, kai h disketa poy dhmioyrghsate ”prepei” na doylecei.

5.1.3 loadlin (linload), ti’nai pali ayto?

To loadlin (linload) einai ena ektelesimo arxeio DOS to opoio fortwnei ena antigrafo toy pyrhna (kernel image) apo enan sklhro disko h mia disketa DOS kai katopin jekina to ypoloipo leitoyrgiko susthma toy Linux apo thn katallhlh rizikh katatmhsh (root partition). An ta pate kala me toys ypologistes mporeite na pragmatopoihsete mia egkatastash toy Linux xwris disketes me ayto ton tropo, alla, gia thn wra, 8a ejetasoyme pio synh8ismenes xrhseis toy loadlin (linload). Otan jekinhsete ta Win95 pathste to plhktro F8 molis emfanistei to mhnyma

     Starting Windows 95...

Epilejte Safe mode, command prompt only. Phgainete ston katalogo opoy exete topo8ethsei ton pyrhna kai trejte

     C:\LINUX> loadlin.exe (h linload.exe)  zimage root=/dev/hda2

apo ekei. An ta katafernete kala sto MS-DOS, mporeite na exete pollapla AUTOEXEC.BAT kai CON-FIG.SYS, wste na mporeite, mesw enos menou, na epilejete poio leitoyrgiko susthma na jekinhsete.

6 Problhmata;

Ston antipoda aytou toy senarioy, sthn periptwsh dhladh poy exete enan ypologisth me to Linux kai eiste ypoxrewmenoi na egkatasthsete ta Win95 gia kapoion anejhghto logo, ta Win95 8a gracoyn panw sto Master Boot Record (MBR), kai kata synepeia 8a diagracoyn to LILO. Exete duo epiloges: na xrhsimopoihsete to loadlin.exe gia na fortwsete ton pyrhna, kai na trejete to Linux, h na jekinhste to Linux xrhsimopoiwntas mia disketa kai/h to loadlin (linload), kai na epanegkatasthsete to LILO. Kalh tuxh me to kainourgio sas susthma!

-Jon <winni@xpilot.org>
     +1 217 479-7309 (voice)
     Box 4454 MacMurray College
     Jacksonville, Illinois 62650

Personnal: http://www.in.net/˜ jkatz <http://www.in.net/~jkatz> Corinne: http://corinne.mac.edu <http://corinne.mac.edu> Resume: http://www.in.net/˜ jkatz/resume.html <http://www.in.net/~jkatz/resume.html> Room-101: http://room-101.1984.org <http://room-101.1984.org> HOWTO: http://www.in.net/˜ jkatz/win95/Linux-HOWTO.html <http://www.in.net/~jkatz/win95/

Linux-HOWTO.html>

Gia sxolia, parathrhseis, dior8wseis, enhmerwseis peri ths Ellhnikhs metafrashs aytou toy HOWTO, steilte email ston Prokoph Prokopidh: prokops@hellug.gr h sthn Boula Sanida : voulariba@hellug.gr h ston Eyripidh Papakwsta : evris@hellug.gr kai enallaktika : ep@rocketmail.com